The Wielkopolska Region is inhabited by about 3.5 million people. Current demographic trends, such as: population migrations, the aging of the society, changes in the family model and a decrease in birth rate, affect many areas of life: the labor market, the housing market, the health and social care system, education, and the transport system. Consequences of the progressive aging of the population may in the near future turn out to be a particularly significant issue. Negative demographic processes, even though slower than in other parts of the country, are shaping the future of the Wielkopolska society. Demographic changes affect the supply and demand of specific social services, the potential of human and social capital, the development of innovativeness of the economy - the development of new branches of the silver and white economy.
One of the challenges faced by the Region Local Government is maintaining social cohesion. Demographic changes in intra-regional terms - especially those caused by migration - affect local labor markets (e.g. the phenomenon of washing away human capital resources), the social structure of inhabitants and the related structure of the local economy. The use of employees from outside our country by employers, and recently also the influx of migrants from Ukraine, result in the need to adapt public services to foreigners and their social integration. The growing migratory traffic puts pressure on the development of transport services in the individual and collective dimensions. With the number of children decreasing, the education sector will also need transformation. The challenge is to counteract deurbanization and chaotic suburbanization, which result in a decrease in the population of cities in favor of the surrounding functional areas. Effective integration of development planning is necessary in this respect.
In order to increase the social security of the inhabitants of the region, it is necessary to: improve access to public goods and services and activate people who are excluded, marginalized or at risk of the phenomena to participate in various spheres of socio-economic life. Eliminating the threat of poverty and its inheritance will affect the social cohesion of the region and the development of the economy.
The Condition and structure of the population of the WIELKOPOLSKA REGION
(Selected indicators)
Internal (intra- and inter-regional) and foreign migrations have an impact on population changes. In 2021, the migration balance amounted to 2,000 people, with the internal migration balance reaching the level of 1,799 people, and the foreign migration balance, 201 people.
As compared to the rest of the country, the Wielkopolska Region has significant labor resources, concentrating about 10% of all working people in Poland. The labor market is characterized by volatility and dependence on many socio-economic factors, including mainly the condition of the economy and enterprises in relation to the average salary and demographic trends. It is also inextricably linked with the level of education and the directions of education of the population. Despite various fluctuations, the level of employment in Wielkopolska is increasing, while the level of registered unemployment is at the lowest level in the country.
Self-employment is very popular and appreciated in Wielkopolska. Sole proprietorships and micro-enterprises are an important element of the labor market and an expression of entrepreneurship in Wielkopolska. The region is characterized by long traditions of craftsmanship and dynamic activity of guilds and chambers in the development of craftsmanship and educating young adepts of the professions. Social entrepreneurship and cooperatives are also developing dynamically. Supporting innovative entrepreneurship is a priority for maintaining the economic development of the region.
Unemployment in our region varies geographically depending on the location of a poviat on the map of Wielkopolska and the specificity of its internal conditions. Public Employment Services operating in our Region conduct intensive activities for professional activation every year, maximizing the use of funds received from the Labor Fund and other sources, including the EU funds or the National Training Fund.
The high employment rate and low unemployment rate indicate shrinking human resources in Wielkopolska. According to the 8th edition of the Occupational Barometer survey, there are as many as 36 shortage professions in Wielkopolska. Deficiencies in two areas important for the future of Wielkopolska, i.e. in education, which helps to educate future employees, and in medicine, which is becoming crucial due to the aging of the population are particularly disturbing. Other sectors important for the region's economy also face a staff shortage.
It is a challenge for the Wielkopolska labor market to increase employment opportunities by adapting the education process to the expectations of employers and, at the same time, to the needs of the innovative economy. The rapid pace of changes in the labor market, caused, among others, by progressing technological development, makes it necessary to respond flexibly to the emerging demand for new competences and qualifications. Technological progress can lead to the polarization of the labor market, especially in terms of the displacement of human work by modern technologies, and at the same time result in an increase in the demand for employees with new qualifications. Therefore, it is crucial to create conditions for the development of lifelong learning.
The labor market of the Wielkopolska Region
Economic activity of the population in the Wielkopolska Region in the fourth quarter of 2022
Average employment in the enterprise sector
Registered unemployment
Foreigners on the Wielkopolska labor market
Salaries
The average monthly gross salary in the enterprise sector in February 2023 amounted to PLN 6,346.65 in the Wielkopolska Region. On an annual basis, it means an increase by 14.7% (a year ago the level of salaries increased by 9.2% on an annual basis). In Poland, the average gross monthly salary in the enterprise sector amounted to PLN 7,065.56.
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